Tylenchorhynchus acutus

Tylenchorhynchus acutus	Contents	Rev 08/14/2002
Stunt Nematode	Classification	Hosts
	Morphology and Anatomy	Life Cycle
Return to Tylenchorhynchus Menu	Economic Importance	Damage
	Distribution	Management
Return to Belonolaimidae Menu	Feeding	References

Classification:

      Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
         Telotylenchinae
         Belonolaimidae

Tylenchorhynchus acutus

Morphology and Anatomy:

See genus description for general configuration.

Female: L = 0.75 mm; V = 58; c=23. Males apparently absent.
Five lines in lateral field.
Lip region with 5 or 6 annules, set off by deep constriction.
Spear 15µm long with massive cupped knobs.
Esophagus narrows to a narrow tube where it attaches to the median bulb. Usually one large gland nucleus visible in the basal bulb.
Eggs about three times body width.

The only way to differentiate it from T. acutoides is by the absence of males (Tom Powers, UNL).

Distribution:

Common on rangeland grasses in midwest and Rocky mountain areas.

Widely distributed throughout the Great Plains where it is the most common species of the genus.

This species is common in western Nebraska. Its found in cultivated fields and in rangeland. (Tom Powers, UNL)

Economic Importance:

Tylenchorhynchus acutus reduced growth of crested wheat grasses, Russian wild rye, intermediate wheat grass, and Snake River wheat grass in clay-sand and sandy loam soils.

Feeding:

Ectoparasite - browses on epidermal cells and root hairs.

Hosts:

Grasses, including crested wheat grasses, Russian wild rye, intermediate wheat grass, and Snake River wheat grass.

Life Cycle:

Males not required for reproduction.

Reproduction greatest in sandy loam soil.

Damage:

Pathogenicity was greatest in sandy loam soil.
Some cultivars of the grasses were more tolerant of the nematode damage than others.

Griffin, G. D. 1996. Importance of soil texture to the pathogenicity of plant-parasitic nematodes on rangeland grasses. Nematropica 26:27-37
Griffin, G.D. 1996. Biology and pathogenicity of three ectoparasitic nematode species on crested wheatgrasses. Nematropica 26:15-25.