Rotylenchus
Contents
Rev 05/05/2008
Rotylenchus |
Contents |
Rev 05/05/2008 |
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| spiral nematodes |
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Classification |
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Hosts |
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Morphology and Anatomy |
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Life Cycle |
| Return to Rotylenchus Menu |
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Economic Importance |
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Damage |
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Distribution |
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Management |
| Return to Hoplolaimidae Menu |
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Feeding |
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References |
Tylenchida
Tylenchina
Tylenchoidea
Hoplolaimidae
Hoplolaiminae
Rotylenchus (Filip'ev, 1936)
Synonyms:
Anguillulina (Rotylenchus) (Filip'ev,
1936)
Gottholdsteineria (Andrássy, 1958)
Orientylus (Jairajpuri and Siddiqi,
1977)
Calvatylus (Jairajpuri and Siddiqi, 1977)
Interrotylenchus (Eroshenko, 1984)
Scutellonemoides (Eroshenko, 1984)
Varotylus (Siddiqi, 1986)
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Female: Body spiral to
C-shaped.
Labial region offset or continuous with body contours, anteriorly rounded or flattened, generally annulated, with or without longitudinal striae on basal lip annule. Lateral field with four lines, with or without scattered transverse striae. Labial framework, stylet, and stylet knobs average-sized for the family; knobs with rounded to indented anterior surface. Dorsal esophageal gland opening often close to stylet (6 µm), but with tendency to posteriorly directed migration (up to 16 µm). Esophageal glands overlap intestine dorsally and laterally; dorsal gland more developed than subventral glands; intestine symmetrically arranged between the subventral glands. Two genital branches outstretched, equally developed; posterior branch rarely degenerated (diovarial, amphidelphic). Epiptygma (single or double) present. Tail short, hemispherical, rarely with small ventral projection. Phasmids
pore-like, small, near anus level. (photomicrograph of Rotylenchus
robustus from Half Moon Bay, California by I.A. Zasada) |
Males: Caudal
alae enveloping tail (peloderan), not
lobed. (photomicrograph of caudal alae and spicules
of Rotylenchus robustus from Half Moon Bay, California by I.A.
Zasada).
Secondary sexual dimorphism not marked; sometimes anterior part of
male body slightly smaller than female.
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Six species of Rotylenchinae were identified from 5,451 soil samples from
throughout Great Britain.
Pararoylenchus ouensensis was found only from Jersey, Channel Islands, Rotylenchus pumilis and R. buxophilus were mainly restricted to southern England.
Rotylenchus uniformis, R. goodeyi and R. robustus were found in
a wide range of soil types but R. robustus preferred more moist, alkaline
soils and was recorded at greater altitudes then R. goodeyi (Boag
and Neilson, 1996).
D-rated pests in California.
Roylenchus goodeyi was more often found associated with beech and Scots pine while R. robustus preferred bog myrtle, oak and hawthorn (Boag and Neilson, 1996).
At the population levels encountered there was no evidence of either inter- or intraspecific competition within or between either R. goodeyi or R. robustus (Boag and Neilson, 1996).
Boag, B.and R. Neilson. 1996. Distribution and ecology of Rotylenchus and Pararotylenchus (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) in Great Britain. Nematologica 42: 96-108.
Fortuner, R. 1987. Rev. Nematol. 10:219-232.
