Rhizonema

 

Contents

  

Rev 11/03/2004

  Classification Hosts
Morphology and Anatomy Life Cycle
Return to Rhizonema Menu Economic Importance Damage
Distribution Management
Return to Heteroderidae Menu Feeding  References
         

Classification:

     Tylenchida
       Tylenchina
        Tylenchoidea
         Heteroderidae
          Heteroderinae
          Rhizonema (Cid del Prado Vera, Lownsbery & Maggenti, 1983)

    Synonyms:
      None.

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Morphology and Anatomy:

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 Female:  No cyst stage.  

Body globose, with prominent neck and terminal cone.  

Cuticle thick, wavy; entire body annulated, except terminal cone. 

D-layer absent.  No subcrystalline layer.

Vulva and anus situated on terminal cone which has a thickened cuticle.  

Phasmids not observed.  

Eggs retained in female body together with hatched second-stage juveniles.  

     
Males:  Body twisted.  

Lateral field with four lines.

Spicules nearly straight, pointed, posteriorly directed.

Cloacal tube well developed.

No phasmids.  

Second-stage juveniles: Lateral field with four lines. 

Esophageal glands filling body cavity.  

Tail conical-pointed, with long, hyaline, terminal part. 

Phasmids with lens-like structure.  

[Ref: Luc, Maggenti & Fortuner,  (1988).]
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Distribution:

 

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Economic Importance:

 

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Feeding:

Nurse cell system: A single, giant cell with a giant nucleus.      

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Hosts:
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Life Cycle:

 

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Damage:

 

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Management:

 

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References:

Ref: Luc, Maggenti & Fortuner, Rev. Nematol. 11(2):159-176 (1988).

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Copyright © 1999 by Howard Ferris.
Revised: November 03, 2004.