Geocenamus |
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Rev 08/29/2008 |
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Classification |
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Morphology and Anatomy |
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Life Cycle |
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Economic Importance |
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Damage | |
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Distribution |
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Management |
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Feeding |
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References |
Tylenchida
Tylenchina
Tylenchoidea
Belonolaimidae
Belonolaiminae
Geocenamus (Thorne
& Malek, 1968)
Synonyms:
Hexadorus (Ivanova & Shagalina, 1983)
As of October 2003, the Zoological Record indicates 51 species names associated with this genus.
The genus Geocenamus was established by Thorne and Malek (1968) in the subfamily Tylenchoryhynchinae. The name of the genus is derived from a contraction of Geographic center of North America, reflecting the region from which it was first described.
The genus is distinguished from other genera within the subfamily by a labial disc. The cephalic framework is weak and the stylet slender.
Currently (2005) , Geocenamus contains 14 species.
Ref. Chitambar and Ferris, 2005.
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Geocenamus
can be differentiated from Merlinius
mainly by the derived characters: bulbous labial region, an elongate
stylet with a conus distinctly longer than the shaft, and a distinctly
round to hexagonal labial disc.
Body medium-sized. Labial region bulbous. SEM face view with well-marked, round labial disc. First lip annule divided into six sectors, lateral sectors smaller. Labial framework weakly developed. Lateral field with six lines. Deirids absent (but reported inconspicuous by Siddiqi, 1986). Stylet slender, 25 to 130 µm long, cone longer than shaft. Tail conoid to almost cylindroid.
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Male: Spicules
without velum,
blunt-ended.
Gubernaculum not protruding from cloaca. [Ref: Fortuner & Luc (1987).] |
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Key to Species of the Genus Geocenamus
1. Stylet length equal to or greater than 90 µm……………………………… 2 1a. Stylet length 20-49 µm…………………………………………… 5 1b. Stylet length 50-69 µm…………………………………………… 8 2(1). Tail cylindrical, terminus broadly rounded, annulated…………… 3 2a. Tail conical, terminus narrowly rounded, smooth…….…………… 4 3(2). Stylet length 120-134 µm; lateral field completely areolated throughout entire body; cephalic framework strongly sclerotized…………………………………………… G. arealoferus 3a. Stylet length 96-107 µm; lateral field not areolated throughout entire body; cephalic framework lightly sclerotized…………………………………………… G. nurserus 4(2a). Lateral field incisures completely crenate; L =1530-1813………………………………………. G. kirjanovae 4a. Lateral field incisures not crenate; L = 1800-2150…. G. tokobaevi 5(1a). Longitudinal striae extend throughout body……….. 6 5a. Longitudinal striae absent except in lateral field…... 7 6(5). Tail terminus narrowly rounded almost to a point; longitudinal striae 26-28; stylet length 28-29 µm.… G. patternus 6a. Tail terminus rounded but not narrowly to a point; longitudinal striae 20; stylet length 26 µm………… G. squamatus 7(5a.) Tail terminus broadly or narrowly rounded, smooth or annulated; lateral field areolated on tail, 4 incisures posterior to phasmid, ………………. G. tenuidens = G. arcticus = G. uralensis 7a. Tail terminus digitate, smooth; Lateral field not areolated on tail, 6 incisures posterior to phasmid… G. khashanicus 8(1b). Longitudinal striations intersect transverse annules forming series of blocks over entire body………… G. longus 8a. Longitudinal striations absent outside of lateral field……………………………………………….. 9 9(8a). Lip region with 12 longitudinal incisures………… G. deserticola 9a. Lip region with 6 longitudinal incisures………….. 10 10(9a). Female stylet 67 µm, L = 1120 µm……..………… G. superbus 10a. Female stylet 50-57 µm, L = 801-996 µm………... G. angelescresti Ref: Chitambar and Ferris, 2005
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Chitambar, J.J. and H. Ferris. 2005. Geocenamus angelescresti n. sp., a diagnostic key and compendium to the species of the genus Geocenamus Thorne and Malek, 1968 (Nematode Belonolaimidae) Journal of Nematology 37:429-437.
Fortuner & Luc, Rev. Nematol. 10(2):183-202 (1987).