Order Dorylaimida (Jairajpuri and Ahmad Key)

Order Dorylaimida Pearse, 1936
Key from Jairajpuri and Ahmad (1992) with slight modification.
1	a	Feeding apparatus an odontostyle	Dorylaimina
1	b	Feeding apparatus a mural tooth	2
2	a	Mural tooth located on subdorsal wall of buccal cavity; basal part of esophagus small with a strongly-developed triquetrous chamber	Campydorina
2	b	Mural tooth located on subventral wall of buccal cavity; basal part of esophagus fairly long and without triquetrous chamber	Nygolaimina
Suborder Dorylaimina Pearse, 1936

1	a	Cheilostom strongly sclerotized, with plate- or basket-like structures, frequently with large onchia, with or without denticles	Actinolaimidae
1	b	Cheilostom usually thin-walled, without onchia or denticles	2
2	a	Odontostyle long, attenuated; esophagus with three glands	Longidoroidea
2	b	Odontostyle comparatively small; esophagus with five glands	3
3	a	Expanded part of esophagus enclosed in a spiral muscular sheath	Belondiroidea
3	b	Expanded part of esophagus not enclosed in a spiral muscular sheath	4
4	a	Subcuticle coarsely striated, with abundant radial striae; expanded part of esophagus usually a small basal bulb	Tylencholaimoidea
4	b	Subcuticle not striated, few if any radial striae; expanded part of esophagus usually about 50% of total esophagus length	Dorylaimoidea
Superfamily Dorylaimoidea de Man, 1876

1	a	Odontostyle aperture wide, usually more than half odontostyle length; guiding ring plicated, not sclerotized	Aporcelaimidae
1	b	Odontostyle with smaller aperture, usually < 33% of odontostyle length; guiding ring sclerotized	2
2	a	Odontostyle attenuated, usually longer than lip region width	Nordiidae
2	b	Odontostyle not attenuated, usually about as long as lip region width	3
3	a	Large, stout nematodes, usually with long, filiform tail which exhibits sexual dimorphism	Dorylaimidae
3	b	Medium-sized nematodes with short tails which are similar in both sexes	Qudsianematidae
Family Dorylaimidae de Man, 1876

1	a	Cuticle with longitudinal ridges	2
1	b	Cuticle without longitudinal ridges	3
2	a	Tail elongate-conoid, similar in both sexes	Arctidorylaiminae
2	b	Tail elongate-conoid to filiform in females, short and bluntly rounded in males	Dorylaiminae
3	a	Cheilosom (between guiding ring and oral aperture) with minute to well-developed sclerotized plates; S₂N (nuclei of second pair of ventro-sublateral glands) well anterior to base of esophagus	Thornenematinae
3	b	Cheilostom without sclerotized plates; S₂N close to base of esophagus	Laimydorinae
Subfamily Dorylaiminae de Man, 1876

1	a	Ventromedian supplements in a contiguous series of 25-55	Dorylaimus
1	b	Ventromedian supplements in 2-3 groups (fascicles)	Ischiodorylaimus
Subfamily Laimydorinae Andrassy, 1969

1	a	Tails similar in both sexes	2
1	b	Tails dissimilar in males and females	4
2	a	Lip region offset; spicules narrow and “non-dorylaimoid”	Amphidorylaimus
2	b	Lip region continuous; spicules broad and dorylaimoid	3
3	a	Ventromedian supplements numerous, contiguous	Prodorylaimus
3	b	Ventromedian supplements few, spaced	Prodorylaimium
4	a	Guiding ring sclerotized, appearing double; male prerectum long, beginning anterior to supplements	5
4	b	Guiding ring not sclerotized, appearing single or weakly double; male prerectum short, beginning within range of supplements	6
5	a	Subcuticle with coarse striations	Idiodorylaimus
5	b	Subcuticle without coarse striations	Laimydorus
6	a	Male tail with rounded terminus	7
6	b	Male tail with pointed terminus	Afrodorylaimus
7	a	Odontostyle asymmetrical; two parts of esophagus not clearly demarcated	Drepanodorylaimus
7	b	Odontostyle symmetrical; two parts of esophagus clearly demarcated	8
8	a	Odontophore slightly swollen at base	Minidorylaimus
8	b	Odontophore rod like	9
9	a	Ventromedian supplements contiguous or uniformly spaced	10
9	b	Ventromedian supplements in two groups (fascicles)	Calodorylaimus
10	a	Cuticle thin, vulva not sclerotized; spicules comparatively weak; prerectum beginning well anterior to range of supplements	Miodorylaimus
10	b	Cuticle thick, vulva sclerotized; spicules comparatively weak; beginning at anterior end or within range of supplements	11
11	a	Spicules large, with double contour on dorsal side and spur near tip; supplements very small	Calcaridorylaimus
11	b	Spicules without double contour on dorsal side and without spur near tip; supplements well developed	Mesodorylaimus
Subfamily Thornenematinae Siddiqi, 1969

1	a	Female reproductive system monovarial, opisthodelphic	2
1	b	Female reproductive system diovarial, amphidelphic	6
2	a	Female tail short, rounded	3
2	b	Female tail elongate-conoid to long, filiform	4
3	a	Labial and postlabial sclerotization	Sclerolabia
3	b	No labial or postlabial sclerotization	Willinema
4	a	Tail elongate-conoid, similar in both sexes	Indiodorylaimus
4	b	Tail elongate-conoid to long, filiform in females and short-conoid in males	5
5	a	Odontostyle broad, with wide lumen and aperture; no labial sclerotization	Opisthodorylaimus
5	b	Odontostyle narrow, labial sclerotization	Thornenema
6	a	Odontostyle broad, with wide lumen and aperture; no labial sclerotization	Coomansinema
6	b	Odontostyle relatively narrow, labial sclerotization	7
7	a	Cheilorhabdions strongly sclerotized, forming chamber-like structure	8
7	b	Cheilorhabdions sclerotized, but not forming chamber-like structure	9
8	a	Guiding ring single, plicated; tail short, bluntly rounded	Silvallis
8	b	Guiding ring appears double; tail long, filiform	Fuscheila
9	a	Female tail short and rounded	Timminema
9	b	Female tail long and filiform	Sicaguttur
Subfamily Arctidorylaiminae Mulvey and Anderson, 1979

			Arctidorylaimus
Family Aporcelaimidae Heyns, 1965

1	a	Body sharply tapering towards anterior end	Paraxonchiinae
1	b	Body not sharply tapering towards anterior end	2
2	a	Odontostyle axial with wide aperture	Aporcelaiminae
2	b	Odontostyle a mural tooth	Sectonematinae
Subfamily Aporcelaiminae Heyns, 1965

1	a	Cuticular layers inconspicuous; no criss-cross lines or punctations	2
1	b	Cuticular layers conspicuous; transverse of criss-cross lines or punctations	3
2	a	Female tail long, filiform	Aporcedorus
2	b	Female tail short, conoid	Aporcelaimium
3	a	Lip region offset by slight depression; vulva longitudinal	Makatinus
3	b	Lip region offset by deep constriction; lip vulva transverse of pore-like	4
4	a	Lip region rounded, papillae not projecting above contour; two ventromedian supplements	Akrotonus
4	b	Lip region angular, papillae projecting above contour; >2 ventromedian supplements	5
5	a	Body very long (9-11 mm); aperture of odontostyle 1/3 its length	Tubixaba
5	b	Body <6mm; odontostyle aperture about ½ length or greater	6
6	a	Cuticle with faint longitudinal markings or criss-cross lines	7
6	b	Cuticle with transverse striations	8
7	a	Body relatively small; three cardia glands at esophago-intestinal junction	Torumanawa
7	b	Body large; cardia glands absent	Aporcelaimus
8	a	Oral aperture circular	Takamangi
8	b	Oral aperture hexagonal	Aporcelaimellus
Subfamily Sectonematinae Siddiqi, 1969

			Sectonema
Subfamily Paraxonchiinae Dhanachand and Jairajpuri, 1981

1	a	Odontostyle long, straight, attenuated, with small aperture; cardia glands poorly developed	Gopalus
1	b	Odontostyle smaller, wide, a little bent, with larger aperture; cardia glands well-developed	Paraxonchium
Family Qudsianematidae Jairajpuri, 1965

1	a	Cuticle with coarse transverse striations	2
1	b	Cuticle with fine transverse striations	3
2	a	Body slender; body pores indistinct; odontostyle attenuated	Crateronematinae
2	b	Body not slender; body pores distinct; odontostyle not attenuated	Lordellonematinae
3	a	Lip region discoid; well-developed hypodermal glands	Discolaiminae
3	b	Lip region not discoid; hypodermal glands absent or poorly developed	4
4	a	Lip region continuous with body contour; lips amalgamated	5
4	b	Lip region offset; lips usually separated	6
5	a	Tail short and hemispheroid in both sexes; only an adanal pair of supplements present (rarely a single ventromedian)	Thorniinae
5	b	Tail elongate conoid in both sexes; adanal pair and a series of ventromedian supplements present	Chrysonematinae
6	a	Dorsal esophageal gland nucleus near anterior of esophageal enlargement; female tail short, hemispherical to elongate conoid	Qudsianematinae
6	b	Dorsal esophageal gland nucleus two or more body widths behind anterior of esophageal enlargement; female tail long, filiform	Hulqinae
Subfamily Qudsianematinae Jairajpuri, 1965

1	a	Female reproductive system monovarial, opisthodelphic	2
1	b	Female reproductive system diovarial, amphidelphic	3
2	a	Amphids labial	Indokochinema
2	b	Amphids post-labial	Ecumenicus
3	a	Odontophore simple, rod-like	4
3	b	Odontophore flanged or with basal knobs	13
4	a	Odontostyle large; guiding ring appears double	5
4	b	Odontostyle small; guiding ring appears single	6
5	a	Lip region with deeply sunken circumoral area and distinct inner liplets	Labronemella
5	b	Lip region without deeply sunken circumoral area; inner liplets not well separated; odontostyle slender	Labronema
6	a	Outer margin of lips forming flap over oral area; inner margin of lips sunken	Baqriella
6	b	Outer margin of lips not forming flap over oral area; inner margin of lips not sunken	7
7	a	Constriction between slender and expanded parts of esophagus; expanded part bipartite	Skibbernema
7	b	No constriction between slender and expanded parts of esophagus; expanded part not bipartite	8
8	a	Lips with cuticularized pieces	Crassolabium
8	b	Lips without cuticularized pieces	9
9	a	Cardia disk present	Thonus
9	b	Cardia disk absent	10
10	a	Tail elongate conoid, 3.5-8.0 x anal body diameter.	Epidorylaimus
10	b	Tail short-conoid, 1-3 x anal body diameter	11
11	a	Body small (<1mm); esophagus long, almost 1/3 body length	Microdorylaimus
11	b	Body long (>1mm); esophagus short	12
12	a	Precloacal space present	Eudorylaimus
12	b	Precloacal space absent	Allodorylaimus
13	a	Odontophore flanged	14
13	b	Odontophore with three prominent knobs	Tylenchodorus
14	a	Odontostyle thick-walled	Pachydorylaimus
14	b	Odontostyle thin-walled	Qudsianema
Subfamily Thorniinae De Coninck, 1965

1	a	Males with large ventromedian supplements and small gubernaculum	Nygolaimoides
1	b	Males without ventromedian supplements or gubernaculum	2
2	a	Amphids stirrup-shaped, aperture as wide as fovea; spicules not dorylaimoid, lateral guiding pieces absent	Thornia
2	b	Amphids oval, aperture smaller than fovea; spicules dorylaimoid with lateral guiding pieces
Subfamily Crateronematinae Siddiqi, 1969

			Crateronema
Subfamily Chrysonematinae Siddiqi, 1969

1	a	Lips rounded; female tail long, conoid; male tail short, convex-conoid	Chrysonema
1	b	Lips knob-like; tail in both sexes elongate-conoid, ventrally-curved	Chrysonemoides
Subfamily Discolaiminae Siddiqi, 1969

1	a	Lip region with cuticularized, shallow, bowl-like plates	Mylodiscus
1	b	Lip region without cuticularized plates	2
2	a	Lip region discoid	Discolaimus
2	b	Lip region not discoid	3
3	a	Lip region offset by an expansion	Discolaimoides
3	b	Lip region offset by a constriction	4
4	a	Female reproductive system diovarial, amphidelphic	Discolaimium
4	b	Female reproductive system monovarial, opisthodelphic	Latocephalus
Subfamily Lordellonematinae Siddiqi, 1969

1	a	Body pores indistinct; female reproductive system monovarial, opisthodelphic	Sicorinema
1	b	Body pores distinct; female reproductive system monovarial, prodelphic	2
2	a	Ventral body pores only in esophageal region; tail elongate-conoid, bent dorsally	Poronemella
2	b	Ventral body pores along entire body; tail short-conoid, or subdigitate	3
3	a	Odontostyle aperture > ½ its length; spicules non-dorylaimoid	Moshajia
3	b	Odontostyle aperture < ½ its length; spicules dorylaimoid	Lordellonema
Subfamily Hulqinae Siddiqi, 1982

1	a	Female reproductive system monovarial, opisthodelphic	Hulqus
1	b	Female reproductive system diovarial, amphidelphic	Mitoaxonchium
Family Nordiidae Jairajpuri and Siddiqi, 1964

1	a	Labial papillae rising above lip contour	2
1	b	Labial papillae not enlarged	3
2	a	Cuticle with longitudinal and horizontal lamelliform striations	Helmabiinae
2	b	Cuticle smooth, striations absent	Cephalodorylaiminae
3	a	Odontophore usually flanged	Pungentiinae
3	b	Odontophore not flanged	4
4	a	Body usually robust; odontostyle length 3-5 x lip region width	Nordiinae
4	b	Body usually slender; odontostyle length < 2 x lip region width	Actinolaimoidinae
Subfamily Nordiinae Jairajpuri and Siddiqi, 1964

1	a	Body robust; odontostyle length 3-5 x lip region width	Longidorella/Saevadorella
1	b	Body slender; odontostyle length < 2 x lip region width	Thornedia
Subfamily Cephalodorylaiminae Jairajpuri, 1967

1	a	Inner labial papillae setiform; female reproductive system diovarial, amphidelphic	Cephalodorylaimus
1	b	Inner labial papillae barely raised; female reproductive system monovarial, prodelphic	Acephalodorylaimus
Subfamily Pungentiinae Siddiqi, 1969

1	a	Tail short to elongate-conoid	2
1	b	Tail long, filiform	6
2	a	Odontostyle very long, > 50 µm	Californidorus
2	b	Odontostyle shorter, < 50 µm	3
3	a	Amphids labial	Kochinema
3	b	Amphids post-labial	4
4	a	Cuticle near vulva coarsely striated	Rhyssocolpus
4	b	Cuticle near vulva not striated	5
5	a	Cuticularized platelets around stoma	Pungentus
5	b	No cuticularized platelets around stoma	Enchodelus
6	a	Odontostyle < 10 µm; ventromedian supplements few and spaced	Enchodorus
6	b	Odontostyle > 15 µm; ventromedian supplements numerous and contiguous	Lenonchium
*Subgenera of Enchodelus* Thorne, 1939**

1	a	Tail hemispherical or bluntly conoid	2
1	b	Tail short-conoid or elongate-conoid	3
2	a	Odontostyle fairly long; odontophore with broad basal flanges	Enchodelus
2	b	Odontostyle short; odontophore without basal flanges	Rotundus
3	a	Lip region not offset from body contour; female gonads with ovoid chamber	Heterodorus
3	b	Lip region distinctly offset from body contour; female gonads without ovoid chamber	4
4	a	Odontostyle>50µm; odontophore with moderate basal flanges	Nepalus
4	b	Odontostyle<50µm; odontophore rod-like	Paraenchodelus
Subfamily Helmabiinae Siddiqi, 1971

			Helmabia
Subfamily Actinolaimoidinae Jairajpuri and Ahmad, 1992

1	a	Odontostyle very narrow; aperture indistinct	2
1	b	Odontostyle narrow; aperture distinct	3
2	a	Labial papillae prominent; projecting above lip contour	Malekus
2	b	Labial papillae indistinct; not projecting above lip contour	Oonaguntus
3	a	Lip region continuous; first pair of ventro-sub-lateral esophageal glands close together	Actinolaimoides
3	b	Lip region offset; first pair of ventro-sub-lateral esophageal glands widely separated	4
4	a	Odontostyle usually < 2 lip widths long; well-developed glands at esophago-intestinal junction	Oriverutus
4	b	Odontostyle usually 3 lip widths long; no glands at esophago-intestinal junction	Pararoriverutus
Superfamily Actinolaimoidea Thorne, 1939

1	a	Female tail < 2x abd, conical or rounded; vestibule with basket-like structures	Carcharolaimidae
1	b	Female tail >4x abd; vestibule without basket-like structures	2
2	a	Vestibule with four massive onchia, with or without denticles	Actinolaimidae
2	b	Vestibule without onchia but with corrugated ring and tranverse rows of mural denticles	Trachypleurosidae
Family Actinolaimidae Thorne, 1939

1	a	Cuticle with longitudinal striations	2
1	b	Cuticle without longitudinal striations	3
2	a	Odontostyle massive, robust, aperture ½ its length	Actinolaiminae
2	b	Odontostyle slender, 2-3 lip widths long; aperture ≤1/3 its length	Brittonematinae
3	a	Vestibule with minute denticles	Paractinolaiminae
3	b	Vestibule without denticles	Neoactinolaiminae
Subfamily Actinolaiminae Thorne, 1939

			Actinolaimus
Subfamily Neoactinolaiminae Thorne, 1967

1	a	Vestibule with four onchia	2
1	b	Vestibule with six onchia	Hexactinolaimus
2	a	Onchia fused into a strong second spear guide	Metactinolaimus
2	b	Onchia not fused	3
3	a	Ventromedian supplements in 2-3 fascicles	Neoactinolaimus
3	b	Ventromedian supplements arranged in series	Egtitus
Subfamily Paractinolaiminae Thorne, 1967

1	a	Tail elongate-conoid to filiform; similar in both sexes	2
1	b	Tail elongate-conoid to filiform in females, short conoid in males	3
2	a	Esophago-intestinal junction with prominent glands	Trachactinolaimus
2	b	Esophago-intestinal junction without glands	Dominicactinolaimus
3	a	Ventromedian supplements in series	4
3	b	Ventromedian supplements in fascicles	Afractinolaimus
4	a	Vestibule with massive basket-like ribs	Westindicus
4	b	Vestibule without ribs	Paractinolaimus
Subfamily Brittonematinae Thorne, 1967

1	a	Lip region almost continuous with body; female tail long, filiform; male tail short, rounded	Actinca
1	b	Lip region expanded; tail long, filiform in both sexes	Paractinocephalus
*Subgenera of Actinca* Andrássy, 1964**

1	a	Lip region narrow and high; vestibule ring weak	Actinca
1	b	Lip region wide and low; vestibule ring well developed	2
2	a	Body < 3 mm, odontostyle slender	Stomachoglossa
2	b	Body > 3 mm, odontostyle robust	Parastomachoglossa
Family Trachypleurosidae Thorne, 1967

			Trachypleurosum
Family Carcharolaimidae Thorne, 1967

1	a	Stoma narrowing behind guiding ring	Carcharolaiminae
1	b	Stoma not narrowing behind guiding ring	Caribenematinae
Subfamily Carcharolaiminae Thorne, 1967

1	a	Lip region offset; tail conoid; curved ventrally	2
1	b	Lip region continuous; tail elongate, straight	Brasilaimus
2	a	Lips angular, petaloid, bearing rods and plates	Antholaimus
2	b	Lips not angular, without rods and plates	3
3	a	Cephalic framework basket-like	4
3	b	Cephalic framework with two plates, posterior one shallow, bowl-like, anterior small	Mylodiscoides
4	a	Cephalic framework with strong onchia	5
4	b	Cephalic framework with ribs, denticles or small teeth	Carcharolaimus
5	a	Six onchia	Carcharoides
5	b	Four onchia	Caryboca
Subfamily Caribenematinae Thorne, 1967

			Caribenema
Superfamily Longidoroidea Thorne, 1935

1	a	Guiding ring double; odontophore flanged	Xiphinematidae
1	b	Guiding ring single; odontophore not flanged	Longidoridae
Family Longidoridae Thorne, 1935

1	a	Amphids with stirrup-shaped fovea	Paralongidorus
1	b	Amphids with pouch-like fovea	2
2	a	Amphid apertures pore-like, inconspicuous	Longidorus
2	b	Amphid apertures slit-like	Longidoroides
Family Xiphinematidae Dalmasso, 1969

1	a	Amphids stirrup-shaped with slit-like apertures; dorsal gland nucleus at same level as dorsal gland opening	Xiphinematinae
1	b	Amphids pouch-like with pore-like apertures; dorsal gland nucleus far behind dorsal gland opening	Xiphidorinae
Subfamily Xiphinematinae Dalmasso, 1969

			Xiphinema
Subfamily Xiphidorinae Khan, Chawla and Saha, 1978

			Xiphidorus
Superfamily Belondiroidea Thorne, 1939

			Belondiridae
Family BelondiridaeThorne, 1939

1	a	Cuticularized pieces around oral aperture; odontophore flanged	Dorylaimellinae
1	b	Cuticularized pieces absent around oral aperture; odontophore rod-like	2
2	a	Female tail short; digitate, conoid or rounded	Belondirinae
2	b	Female tail long, filiform	Swangeriinae
Subfamily BelondirinaeThorne, 1939

1	a	Female reproductive system diovarial, amphidelphic	2
1	b	Female reproductive system monovarial, opisthodelphic	4
2